MAC state

The state of the MAC.

ACTIVE

Normal state—transmitting and receiving frames normally.

OFF

Hardware off. Normal for initial state. Abnormal once system is configured, rebooted, and SMT daemon is running.

CLAIM

In process of sending claim tokens during ring recovery.

BEACON

In process of sending beacons after ring recovery failed.

packets xmit

0-n

The count of the frames transmitted by this MAC. (fddiMAC73)

packets rcvd

0-n

The count of the frames successfully received into this station's buffers by this MAC.
(fddiMAC72)

frames

0-n

The number of valid frames that have been seen by this MAC, including those received by this station. This number also includes packets (not addressed to this station and so not received by it) that have passed this MAC on the ring. (fddiMAC71)

A bit

0-n

The count of frames received into this station's buffers with the “destination address matched” bit set by a previous station. This bit is set in the frame as it passes a station whose individual address matches the destination address in the frame.

C bit

0-n

The count of frames received into this station's buffers with the “frame copied” bit set by a previous station. This bit is set in the frame as it passes a station that copies the frame into the station's buffers.

void frames

0-n

The count of discarded frames with the void frame control value transferred into this station's buffers and then discarded. These happen most often when the hardware is in “promiscuous” mode for monitoring by NetLook. Another source is corruption of frames by noise not detected by the frame check sequence (FCS). Such infrequent problems are detected and fixed by higher layer protocols. (NetLook is described in the NetVisualyzer User's Guide.)

total junk

0-n

This count includes frames received into a station buffer but discarded because they were void frames, “aborted” (that is, truncated before a proper ending), or “flushed” (that is, the station was too busy to realize that a frame was not meant for it before copying the first part of the frame into a buffer).

tokens issued

0-n

The number of tokens sent by this station. The station issues a token after every burst of packets it sends (after grabbing the circulating token) and after winning the claim process when restoring the ring.

tokens

0-n

The total number of times this station has seen a token on this MAC. This count is valuable for determining network load. (fddiMAC74)

token latency

0-n

The current token rotation time (TRT) in milliseconds.

ring latency

0-n usec

The minimum token rotation time in microseconds.

ring load

0-n%

The load on the ring, expressed as a percentage.

t_neg

0-n

Negotiated target token rotation time (TTRT) in milliseconds obtained during the claim process. (fddiMAC52)

t_max

0-n

Maximum TTRT (in milliseconds) supported by this station. (fddiMAC53)

t_min

0-n

Minimum TTRT (in milliseconds) supported by this station. (fddiMAC5)

t_req

0-n

This station's bid for the TTRT in milliseconds. (fddiMAC51)

tvx

0-n

The valid transmission timer (TVX) used for ring recovery. If a valid frame or token is not received within the specified time (in milliseconds), the claim process is started. (fddiMAC54)

Transmit Errors:

underflow

0-n

The hardware output first-in, first-out buffer underflowed during frame transmission. A large number of these problems indicate a hardware problem.

abort

0-n

The line state changed during transmission or the station received a MAC frame (that is, claim or beacon) while the station was transmitting a frame, indicating that the ring is recovering itself.

Receive Errors:

E bit rcvd

0-n

The number of frames copied into the station's buffers with the frame status error bit already set by a previous station.

set E bit

0-n

The count of frames with bad CRC or length that caused this station to set the E bit on a frame passing by this station, including those frames copied into the station's buffers.

bad CRC, len

0-n

The count of frames with bad CRC or length copied into station buffers.

missed

0-n

Frames this station should have received, but for some reason the station was too busy to copy the frames into a buffer.

others' miss

0-n

The count of frames missed by other stations. (This is equal to A bit count minus C bit count.)

no host bufs

0-n

This generally counts frames that were received into one set of buffers but discarded because of a lack of buffers at the next stage.

lost

0-n

Count of frames dropped by the FORMAC due to, for example, invalid symbols from the PHY. (fddiMAC82)

flushed

0-n

Count of flushed frames (that is, the system was too busy to realize that a frame was not meant for it before copying the first part of the frame into a buffer).

aborted

0-n

Count of aborted frames (that is, frames truncated before a proper ending).

small gap

0-n

Number of times when too small a gap between frames occurred.

too short

0-n

Count of frames less than the minimum size.

too long

0-n

Count of frames more than the maximum size.

poss dup
addr

0-n

Count of frames addressed to this MAC that have the A bit set. Frames directly addressed to this station that already have the A bit set indicate that some other station has the same MAC address as this station. This may count frames with multicast addresses, and so is not a reliable indication of a duplicate address.

FIFO
overflow

0-n

Hardware input first-in, first-out buffer overflow count.

stray
tokens

0-n

Count of tokens received while in “Transmit Data” or “Issue Token” states (that is, unexpected tokens). This may indicate a dysfunctional token ring controller somewhere on the ring.

neighbor

A, B, M, ?

The type of the port connector (PC) at the other end of the physical connection. This should be watched to detect twisted cables. Port B's neighbor type should be A, and vice versa for a DAS, dual-ring. (fddiPORT13)

PCM state

Current state of the physical connection management (PCM) state machine. (fddiPORT62

OFF

Initial state.

BREAK

Start of connection.

TRACE

Localizing stuck beacon condition.

CONNECT

Synchronizing the connection for signaling.

NEXT

Signaling state.

SIGNAL

Sending/receiving signal bits.

JOIN

Initial state for active connection establishment.

VERIFY

Verifying state for connection establishment.

ACTIVE

Normal entry. Connection established and port is incorporated into ring.

MAINT

Maintenance state.

BYPASS

Optical bypass switch active or just passing frames or tokens.

PC withhold

The reason for withholding a connection. (fddiPORT63

NONE

Normal entry.

MM

When an M port is connected to another M port, the connection is withheld.

OTHER

conn state

Gives a higher-level view of the connect state of the port combining the PCM state and PC withhold values. (fddiPORT61)

DISABLED

CONNECTING

Attempting to connect.

STANDBY

ACTIVE

Normal entry for functioning port.

tx line state

Current transmitted line state. THRU is normal.

QLS

Quiet: absence of activity on the medium.

HLS

Halt: forced logical break in activity.

ILS

Idle: normal condition between transmissions.

MLS

Master.

ALS

Active.

ULS

Unknown (invalid).

NLS

Noise.

LSU

Cannot determine current state.

REP

Repeat, act as a bypass.

SIG

Ready to do CMT signaling.

THRU

Normal entry. PHY is connected to the ring.

WRAP

Ring is wrapped on this port. For a station with two ports where one or both ports are connected to a concentrator, this is normal.

LCT

Performing link confidence test.

LCTOFF

Link confidence test disabled.

BREAK

Break state entered.

rcv line state

Current line state received by this port. ILS is the normal value.

QLS

Quiet: used as part of physical connection establishment process. May also indicate absence of a physical connection.

HLS

Halt.

ILS

Idle: establish and maintain clock synchronization.

MLS

Master.

ALS

Active: indicates reception of a MAC frame.

ULS

Unknown: invalid value.

NLS

Noise: indicates noisy physical link.

LSU

Cannot determine current state.

LCT failures

0-n

Count of total failures of the link confidence test (LCT). The LCT is used to test a link to determine if the link quality is adequate for ring operation.

connects

0-n

Count of times since the link was last functional that port has been through the break state without joining.

Frame errors:

Frame errors occur when a frame is lost or is received with errors.

threshold

0.023%

The threshold for frame errors. When the ratio exceeds this value, the ratio field becomes highlighted. (fddiMAC95)

ratio

0-n%

Ration of current frame errors to total received frames; highlighted when ratio exceeds threshold. (fddiMAC96)

noise

0-n

Count of times when the line state is bad for a while. The SMT daemon tests the link on which such a “noise event” occurs.

elasticity ovf

0-n

Count of elasticity buffer overflows.

Not copied errors:

0-n

Not copied errors occur when a bit is seen (that is, the A bit is set) but not copied (that is, the C bit is not set) on a received frame.

threshold

0.023%

The threshold for not copied errors. When the ratio exceeds this value, the

ratio

0-n%

Current ratio of not copied errors to total received frames; highlighted when ratio exceeds threshold. (fddiMAC105)

Link errors:

Link error values are average link error rates (LER) that range from a high rate of 4 (indicating 10e–4 or one error in every 10

estimate

16
(meaning less than one error in every 10¹⁶ bits)

This is the official error rate value advertised in SMT frames for other stations. It is for the link on the indicated port. (fddiPORT51)

alarm

8
(meaning less than one error in every 10⁸ bits)

The link error rate at which a link connection generates an alarm. This field becomes highlighted when the alarm condition is met. (fddiPORT59)

cutoff

7
(meaning less than one error in every 10⁷ bits)

The link error rate at which the connection is broken. The SMT daemon shuts down and tests the link when the link error rate becomes more frequent than this level. (fddiPORT58)

long-term

4-16

Long-term link error rate estimate based on all errors seen since the last time the link was reset (that is, the PCM state was BS, for break state). A 4 indicates a high error rate while a 16 indicates a low rate.

A, B, and S flags:

PCM operational flags (from section 9.4.3.1 of ANSI SMT document).

BS

Break state: PCM not leaving break state at appropriate time.

LS

A line state has been received since entering current state.

RC

Receive code.

TC

Transmit code.

TD

Transmit delay.

JOIN

The port is ready to be incorporated in the token path.

HOLD

If dual attach, don't wrap when a fault occurs on a single ring.

THRU

The PHY is connected to the ring.

DISABLED

Stay in “maint” state.

WA

Withhold Port A as a backup link.

WAT

Withhold Port A in Tree mode.

LEMFAIL

Recently suffered LER cutoff.

NE

Noise Event timer expired, indicating that a “noise event” or burst of many 4-bit symbols was corrupted. The link is shut down and retested when a noise event occurs.

RNGOP

Ring is operational.

OBS

Optical bypass switch present.

CON_
Undesirable

Undesirable physical connection such as
A-to-A or B-to-B.

C_Illegal

Illegal connection attempted (for example, M-to-M connection).

TR_REQ

Trace request.

DRAG

Indicates one of the following conditions: taking too long with the link turned off after receiving a TRACE request, or too many consecutive failed attempts to complete PC signaling, including the link confidence test.

# signal bits

The number of PCM signal bits received or transmitted in the most recent effort to complete PC signaling. If the most recent PC signaling was successful, then 10 bits will have been sent and received.
(Section 9.6.3 of ANSI SMT document)

A and B r_val:

Received (set) PCM signal bits.

A, B, M, S

Type of port.

CONN

Current connection is compatible.

CON_
Undesirable

Current connection is undesirable.

short

There is no recent history of excessive link errors.

medium,long

A rejection occurred, due to link errors.
Many rejections occurred.

extended

The port is being withheld from any connection due to an undesirable connection.

MAC available for LCT

A and B t_val:

Same as for
r_val.

Transmitted (set) PCM signal bits.

ring ok

ON

Indicates if the ring is in the operational state. This field displays ON while tokens and other frames are circulating.

ring up cnt

0-n

Count of times the ring has entered the operational state from the nonoperational state; number of times the token has been lost. (fddiMAC86)

TRT expires

0-n

Count of times that the token rotation timer (TRT) expired, indicating that the token was lost which forces ring recovery. See the t_neg and t_req values on MAC Status report.

TVX expires

0-n

Count of times that the valid transmission timer (TVX) expired. It can expire when there are no valid frames seen on the ring. It means that the ring must be recovered. See the tvx value on MAC Status report. (fddiMAC83)

dup MAC cnt

0-n

Number of indications of possible duplicate MAC address.

started

date time

The date (month/day) and time (hour:minute:second) when the SMT module started functioning.

Claims received:

MAC claim frames containing “requested token rotation timer” (RTRT). Claim frames are used during ring recovery.

mine

0-n

Count of station's own claims.

lower

0-n

Count of frames with lower values than this station's. The value is either a lower RTRT value, or if the timer value matches this station's, a lower address value.

higher

0-n

Count of frames with higher values than this station's. The value is either a higher RTRT value, or if the timer value matches this station's, a higher address value.

Beacons received:

MAC beacon frames are used when there is a serious ring failure, indicating that the claim process failed.

mine

0-n

Count of station's own beacons.

from others

0-n

Count of other stations' beacons.

promisc drop

0-n

Count of beacons received but not copied to host memory (that is, dropped). This can happen when the station is promiscuously receiving (copying into buffers) all frames in order to “snoop” on the fiber while using NetLook.

Claim state

0-n

Number of times this station has entered the claim state, when it will transmit MAC claim frames to recover the ring.

Beacon state

0-n

Number of times this station has entered the beacon state, when it will transmit MAC beacon frames to recover the ring.

RMT state

Current state of the Ring Management state machine. (fddiMAC111)

ISOLATED

Initial state.

NONOP

Ring recovery in progress; ring not operational.

RINGOP

Ring is operational.

DETECT

Ring not operational for a while.

NONOP_DUP

Ring is not operational; this MAC address is likely a duplicate.

RINGOP_DUP

Ring operational; however, this MAC address is likely a duplicate.

DIRECTED

Stuck beacon (beaconing more than 7 seconds).

TRACE

Trace in progress.

RMT flags:
network interface name

(Section 10.3.1 of ANSI SMT document)

JOIN

The port has been incorporated in the token path.

MAC_AVAIL

The MAC is available for transmitting and receiving.

JM

Jamming has been initialized.

NO

The ring has not been operational for an extended period.

BN

The MAC is in the beacon state.

CLM

The MAC is in the claim state.

RE

Recovery enabled.

path avail

Indicates the paths available.
(fddiPATHClass.PATH11)

PRM

Primary.

SEC

Secondary.

ISO

Isolated.

LOC

Local.

path requested

same as above

Indicates the path requested. (fddiPATHClass.PATH11)

cur path

same as above

Indicates the association of the MAC with a station path.
(fddiMAC23)

root concent

FALSE, TRUE

TRUE indicates a root concentrator MAC.
(fddiMAC28)

DNA port

A, B, M

Downstream neighbor port connection type.
(fddiMAC33)

msloop status

UNKNOWN

Master-slave loop status.
(fddiMAC121)

root DNA port

?, A, B, M

If a root MAC, indicates downstream neighbor port type (? means unknown).
(fddiMAC122)

root cur path

UNKNOWN

If a root MAC, indicates the current path.
(fddiMAC123)

undes. conn

OFF
ON

Set to ON when an undesirable connection attempt has been made. Indicates that a fiber cable is plugged into the wrong socket. (fddiPORT81)

remote MAC

OFF
ON

When set to ON, indicates that the remote partner intends to place a MAC in the output token path of this port. (fddiPORT15)

CE state

ISOLATED
INSERT_P
INSERT_S
INSERT_X
Local

Current connection entity's (CE) state. (fddiPORT16)
Not inserting.
Inserting on primary.
Inserting on secondary.
Connected to a concentrator.
Connected to a local path.

path request

same as
path avail

Indicates the desired path for the port. (fddiPORT17)

MAC placemt

0-n

Indicates MAC whose transmit path exits the station through this port. Values start at “total phy count + 1” if there is MAC. (fddiPORT18)

path avail

same as
previous
path avail

Indicates the paths available for the M and S ports. (fddiPORT19)

loop time

0-n

Time (in msec) for the optional MAC local loop to prevent deadlock. (fddiPORT21)

fotx

SINGLE
MULTI

The fiber optic transmitter (cable) class: single-mode or multi-mode. (fddiPORT22)

llc priority

0-n

Link-level control priority.

B and A, or S
conn policy

The port connection policies on this node. (fddiPORT14)

LCT

Link confidence test is performed.

LOOP

MAC local loop is made active before connection.

PLACEMENT

MAC exists.

PCM target

CMT

Indicates whether CMT is turned on or off.

maint line st

QLS

Specifies the symbol stream to be transmitted when the PCM is in the maintenance state. See smtmaint(1) reference page. (fddiPORT31)

TB max

0-n msec

Break time before the Break State flag is set. (fddiPORT32)

break state

ON, OFF

When ON, indicates that the PCM state machine is not leaving the break state in an expected time interval and that a problem is suspected. (fddiPORT33)

optical bypass

none, present

Indicates if an optical bypass switch is present. (fddiATTACHMENT12)

OB insert max

0-n

Maximum optical bypass switch insertion/ deinsertion time for this station. (fddiATTACHMENT13)

inserted

yes, no

Indicates whether the attachment is currently inserted in the node. (fddiATTACHMENT14)

insert policy

ok

Indicates that it is all right to insert the port. (fddiATTACHMENT15)

debug level

0-6

Current level of debugging/error message logging by the FDDI kernel.

state

Neighbor notification (NN) transmitter state.

NT0

Wait.

NT1

Send.

xid

0-n (in hex)

Current NN transaction ID.

UNA valid

yes, no

Upstream neighbor address displayed in neighbor ID list (in bottom section) is valid.

DNA valid

yes, no

Downstream neighbor address displayed in neighbor ID list (in bottom section) is valid.

dup addr test

Current status of duplicate address detection. (fddiMAC29)

NONE

Test not performed.

PASS

No duplicate address detected.

FAIL

Duplicate address detected.

dup addr seen

yes, no

This MAC has the same address as another MAC on the ring. (fddiMAC112)

Upstr is dup

yes, no

Upstream neighbor has reported a duplicate address condition. (fddiMAC113)

next NIF

time

The time (hour, minute, second) when the next Neighbor Information Frame will be sent.

Upstr seen

time
in 24-hour format

The time (hour, minute, second) when Neighbor Information Frame (NIF) from upstream neighbor was last seen.

Dnstr seen

time
in 24-hour format

The time (hour, minute, second) when Neighbor Information Frame (NIF) from downstream neighbor was last seen.

network interface name

ipg#, xpi#, rns#

Identifies the network interface for which information is being displayed.

Local

Information about this station.

Upstream

Information about the current neighbor immediately upstream.

Old

Information about the previous upstream neighbor.

Downstream

Information about the current neighbor immediately downstream.

Old

Information about the previous downstream neighbor.

FDDI Order

MAC address in FDDI order.

00-00-00-00-00-00

No station at this location. For Upstream and Downstream, this indicates a wrap. For Old, this is the default when there has not been a change in neighbors.

nonzero hex addr

MAC address of a station.

Canonical Order

MAC address in canonical order.

00:00:00:00:00:00

Same description as for FDDI order.

nonzero hex addr

MAC address of a station.

Host name

Network connection name from /etc/ethers file. If ethers file is not available, MAC address is displayed instead of name.

Station ID

64-bit
hex address

Used to uniquely identify an FDDI station. Bottom 48 bits are station's MAC address in FDDI order. (fddiSMT11)

cur version

0-n

The version of SMT that is used. (fddiSMT13)

low version

0-n hex

The lowest version of SMT that this station supports. (fddiSMT15)

high version

0-n hex

The highest version of SMT that this station supports. (fddiSMT14)

station type

Identifies the station type.

SAS

Single-attachment station.

SAC

Single-attachment concentrator.

SM_DAS

Single-MAC, dual-attachment station.

DM_DAS

Dual-MAC, dual-attachment station.

XID

0-n hex

Current transaction ID.

ECM state

Current entity coordination management (ECM) state. ECM controls the optical bypass switch. (fddiSMT41)

IN

Switch is not in bypassed state.

OUT

Switch is in bypassed state.

TRACE

Indicates stuck beacon condition.

LEAVE

Allows time to break connections.

INSERT

Allows time for switching.

PATHTEST

Testing state.

CHECK

State to confirm both switches have switched.

CFM state

Current configuration management (CFM) state. CFM performs the interconnection of PHYs and MACs to configure the ports and MACs within a node. (fddiSMT42)

ISOLATED

No connections to PHYs.

WRAP_A

Frames can be transmitted on MAC attached to port A.

WRAP_B

Frames can be transmitted on MAC attached to port B.

WRAP_AB

Displayed for dual-homed DAS only.

THRU_A

This MAC is operating on secondary ring.

THRU_B

This MAC is operating on primary ring.

THRU_AB

Displayed for dual MAC only when it is attached to a concentrator. Both ports are being used.

hold state

ENABLED
DISABLED

Current state of the hold function. (fddiSMT43)

rem disconn

ON
OFF

Indicates if the station was remotely disconnected from the network. (fddiSMT44)

topology

Flags indicating station topology conditions.

WRAPPED

Ring is wrapped at this station. For a station with two ports where one or both ports are connected to a concentrator, this is normal.

AA_TWIST

A-to-A connection detected.

BB_TWIST

B-to-B connection detected.

ROOTSTA

Station is on dual ring and not on tree.

DO_SRF

Status Report Frames (SRF) reporting is enabled.

MAC count

0-n

Number of MACs in this station. (fddiSMT21)

nonmaster ct

0-n

Number of nonmaster ports (A, B, or S ports) in this station. (fddiSMT22)

master ct

0-n

Number of master ports in this node. Nonzero only for concentrators. (fddiSMT23)

path avail

Indicates the path types available in the station. (fddiSMT24)

config cap

Configuration capabilities of the node. (fddiSMT25)

HOLDAVAIL

Supports optional hold function.

WRAPAB

Wrap state is forced (for example, for attachment to a concentrator).

config policy

Current configuration policies. (fddiSMT26)

conn policy

Current types of connections that are rejected. (fddiSMT27)

REJECT(MM)

Reject master-master connections.

report limit

0-n

Limit on the number of Status Report Frames (SRFs) to be queued for transmission after the supported condition becomes inactive or after any supported event has been detected. (fddiSMT28)

t_notify

0-n seconds

Interval between transmissions of Neighborhood Information Frames (NIFs) by the Neighbor Notification protocol. (fddiSMT29)

status report

ON, OFF

Indicates whether the node implements the Status Reporting Protocol. (fddiSMT30)

Manufacturer data:

Manufacturer-defined information. (fddiSMT16)

OUI

24-bit value in hex format

Organization unique identification number in canonical format. This value matches the most significant 3 bytes (24 bits) of the MAC address.

data

string

Text.

User data

User-defined data. (fddiSMT17)